01 studenoga, 2012

"Zmije Bosne i Hercegovine" - „Fauna 2012.“ - Snakes of Bosnia and Herzegovina


Hrvatska pošta Mostar izdala je 4 prigodne poštanske marke (arak 8 maraka), žig i omotnicu prvoga dana s motivima bosanskohercegovačkih zmija. Iako su omražene, zmije su vrlo korisne životinje, a njihovim ubijanjem prekida se važna karika u ekološkom lancu. Na markama su prikazane dvije otrovnice, poskok i riđovka (šarka) i dvije neotrovne zmije, bjelouška i smuk. Autor likovnog rješenja je Vijeko Lučić, marke nominalne vrijednosti 2,00 KM tiskane su u tiskari Zrinski u Čakovcu i u poštanskom prometu koriste se od 1. studenoga 2012. Bjelouška (Natrix natrix) je neotrovna zmija iz porodice guževa. Pojavljuje se u više boja i nijansi. Jedini sigurni znak prepoznavanja su polumjesečne pjege na stražnjem dijelu glave s obje strane, koje su bijele kod ženki, a žute kod mužjaka. Smuk (Zamenis longissimus) ima vitko dugo tijelo i usku glavu. Gornja strana tijela je jednobojno sivkasta do tamnosiva, sivkasto - zelenkasta ili smećkasta. Donja strana tijela je bjeličasta. Ima blagu narav, nije otrovan, ali često ujeda kada se osjeti ugroženim. 
Poskok (Vipera ammodytes) je najotrovnija i najopasnija europska zmija iz porodice ljutica. Tijelo poskoka je promjenjive boje, leđna strana je siva, žuta ili smeđa s tamnom cik - cak prugom dok je s trbušne strane bjelkast s crnim točkama. Uz izlomljenu prugu na leđima, prepoznatljiv je po trokutastoj plosnatoj glavi, okomitoj zjenici i roščiću na vrhu njuške. U ustima ima dva duga otrovna zuba povezana s otrovnom žlijezdom. Jezik mu je dug i rašljast. "Zmije Bosne i Hercegovine"Riđovka ili šarka (Vipera berus) zmija je otrovnica iz porodice ljutica i najrasprostranjenija je zmija Europe. Ima veliku glavu, uski vrat i debelo tijelo koje je manje i elegantnije od poskokovog, s kosom isprekidanom prugom koja služi za prikrivanje. Jezik joj je dug i rašljast, otrovni zubi leže preklopljeni u čeljusti, a izbacuju se prema naprijed kada zmija napada...(izvor HP Mostar)
Bosnia and Herzegovina is rich with snakes. Although unpopular, snakes are very useful animals and by killing them an important link in ecological chain is stopped. The Grass snake (Natrix natrix) is non-venomous snake of the Colubridea family. It appears in more colors and shades. The only sure signs of recognition are bimonthly spots on the back of the head on both sides, which are white in females and yellow in males. The Aesculapian snake (Zamenis longissimus) has a long slender body and narrow head. The dorsal is monochrome gray to dark gray, gray – greenish or brownish. The underside of the body is whitish. It has a mild nature, is non-venomous but often bites if they feel threatened. Horned Viper (Vipera ammodytes) is the most venomous and the most dangerous European snake of the Viperidea family. The body of the Viper is color changeable, dorsal side is gray, yellow or brown with dark zigzag stripes, while the ventral side is whitish with black spots. With a fractured stripe on the back, it is recognized by the triangular flat head, vertical pupil and hors on top of its nose. In mouth has two poisonous teeth associated with the venom glands. The tongue is long and forked. Common viper (Vipera berus) is a venomous snake of the Viperdea family and is widespread in Europe. It has a large head, narrow neck and thick body which is smaller and sleeker than horned viper, with bias dotted stripe that serves to conceal. The tongue is long and forked, the poisonous teeth lies folded in the jaw and knocked loose forward when it attacks...(source HP Mostar)

Trešnja na prigodnim markama HP Mostar - „Flora 2012.“ - Cherry


Prigodno izdanje poštanskih maraka HP Mostar „Flora 2012.“ donosi motive ploda i cvijeta trešnje u prikazu autorice Božene Džidić. Osim dvije poštanske marke u arku od 8 maraka i 2 vinjete, izdanje sadrži žig i omotnicu prvoga dana. Marke nominalne vrijednosti 0,50 KM tiskane su u tiskari Zrinski u Čakovcu, a u poštanskom prometu koriste se od 1. studenoga 2012. godine. Trešnja (Prunus avium) je poznata još od brončanog doba, a danas je raširena po cijelome svijetu u mnogobrojnim sortama i varijacijama. Njenim plodovima pridavao se čitav niz ljekovitih svojstava, što se do nedavno smatralo narodnom medicinom.
Međutim, novija istraživanja su dala i znanstveni temelj te potvrdila ljekovitost trešnje. Dobar su izvor vitamina, a prisutnost antioksidanata i drugih korisnih sastojaka čini ih izuzetno zdravim voćem. Pomažu u borbi protiv raka, u prevenciji srčanih bolesti, ublažavaju bolove uzrokovane artritisom i gihtom, te glavobolju, ublažavaju simptome povezane s difuznim poremećajem. Trešnje pomažu da nam tijelo proizvodi melatonin na siguran i zdrav način, te poboljšavaju fiziološke i mentalne funkcije. Svježe su dobre za otklanjanje fizičke i umne iscrpljenosti, a kisele trešnje poboljšavaju raspoloženje...(izvor HP Mostar)
Cherry (Prunus avium) is known since the Bronze Age, and today is spread around the world in many varieties and variations. It blooms in early spring, at the same time as the new leaves. The fruits are developed from the white group of flowers that have long stems. It’s sweet with pleasant aroma with a distinctive hard-shelled stone in the middle. A number of medical properties were attributed to the cherry fruits, which until recently was considered a folk medicine. However, recent studies gave a scientific basis and confirmed curative properties of the cherry. They are a good source of vitamins, and the presence of antioxidants and other useful ingredients makes them extremely healthy fruit. They help in cancer prevention, in hearth disease prevention; they relive pain caused by arthritis and gout, headache, alleviating symptoms associated with the diffuse disorder. Cherries help that our body produces melatonin in a safe and healthy way, and enhance the physiological and mental functions. Fresh cherries are good for reduction of physical and mental exhaustion and sour cherries improve mood...(source HP Mostar)

Dan štednje - Kovani novac iz Daorsona...31.10.2012...Savings Day - Coins from Daorson

Na području istočnoga dijela Hercegovine, od Mostara i Stoca do obala Trebišnjice, obitavalo je ilirsko pleme Daorsi, koji su imali vjersko, upravno i političko središte u Ošanićima kod Stoca. Zbog svoga povoljna zemljopisna položaja, između jadranske obale i planinsko-stočarskoga zaleđa, bavili su se trgovinom. Od 3. st. prije Krista zamjetni su jaki utjecaji helenističke kulture na području Daorsa. Sljedeći primjere jadranskih i jonskih primorskih gradova počeli su u 2. st. kovati vlastiti novac, čini se nakon poraza ilirskoga kralja Gencija 168. prije Krista. Riječ je o prvom novcu kovanom na prostorima Hercegovine i Bosne. Sačuvano je svega desetak primjeraka daorskih novčića. Na aversu je prikazan muški portret (bog Hermo?) s kapom naglašeno izdužena oblika (petasos), čija je površina ispunjena sitnim zrnolikim ispupčenjima, s kratkom i raščešljanom kosom. Na reversu je prepoznatljiva lađa, a uz rub teče u luku natpis grčkim slovima DAORSON. Vjerojatno se radi o prikazu tadašnjih ratnih brodova. Najčešće je njegova duljina iznosila 15 metara, a širina 4,5 metara. Visina boka nad vodom procjenjuje se oko dva metra, gaz 1,5 metara, a korisna nosivost 15 tona. Daorski novac lijevan je od bronce, težine oko pet grama i promjera 17 mm...(Radoslav Dodig...HP Mostar)
In the area of eastern Herzegovina, between Mostar and Stolac to the coast of Trebisnjica River, the Illyrian tribe Daors were inhabited, that had religious, administrative and political center in Ošanići near Stolac. Due to its favorable geographical position, between the Adriatic coast and the mountains hinterland, they were engaged in trade. From the 3rd century BC, the strong influences of Hellenic culture in Daorsi were noticeable. Following the examples of the Adriatic and Ionian coastal cities, they began in the 2nd century to mint their own money; after the defeat of the Illyrian king Ballaios, 168 BC. This is the first coin minted in areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Only 10 copies of Daorson coins have been saved. On the obverse side, a male portrait (god Herm) is shown with the oblong hat, petasos, whose surface is filled with tiny protuberances, with short and combed hair. On the reverse side, a recognizable ship is shown and along the edge the name DAORSON is written in Greek letters. It is probably the representation of the warships of that time. Usually its lengths was 15 meters and width 4,5 meters. Ship’s side height of the water is estimated to be around two meters, depth gauge about 1,5 meters and payload about 15 tons. Coins of Daors were cast in bronze, weighing about 5 grams and a diameter of 17 mm...(Radoslav Dodig...HP Mostar)