Hvala Dannyju iz Mola, Belgija (Thanks to Danny from Mol, Belgium)

Hvala Hrvoju iz Zagreba, Hrvatska (Thanks to Hrvoje from Zagreb, Croatia)

Katanijev ljiljan i hercegovački kukurijek - HP Mostar Flora 2014 - Cattani Lily and Herzegovinian hellebore

Hercegovačke planine riznica su endemičnih biljaka. Na Crvenoj listi flore BiH nalaze se mnoge, a među njima su i dvije biljke koje Hrvatska pošta Mostar donosi u izdanju „Flora 2014.“ te na takav način upozorava na rijetke biljne vrste i njihovu zaštitu.
Katanijev ljiljan ili vrtoglav (Lilium cattaniae) endem je Dinarida koji naseljava tople i suhe položaje krškog područja, a ime je dobio po prirodoslovki Mariji Cattani. Raste u svijetlim šikarama i šumarcima, u vrtačama i škrapama Čvrsnice. Njegova visina doseže od 60 do 70 cm. Cvjeta tamnim grimiznim cvjetovima u razdoblju od lipnja do srpnja. Nije poznato da se katanijev ljiljan koristio u tradicionalnim terapijama liječenja, ali s obzirom na iskustva u liječenju nekim drugim vrstama ljiljana, može biti važan izvor za farmaceutska istraživanja u budućnosti.
Hercegovački kukurijek (Helleborus hercegovinus) endem je jugoistočnih Dinarida koji raste u mediteransko-montanoj i submediteranskoj regiji krškog područja na karbonatima. Naraste do visine 30 cm, a cvjeta od ožujka do travnja. Grozdasti cvatovi sastoje se od nekoliko cvjetova koji mogu biti bijele, zelene pa sve do ljubičaste boje. Kukurijek voli humusom bogata vlažna tla, a hercegovački kukurijek najbolje uspijeva na neutralnim ili alkalnim tlima u sjeni. (izvor...HP Mostar)

Herzegovinian Mountains are a treasury of endemic plants. On the Red list of B&H Flora there are many, and amongst them are two plants which the Croatian Post Mostar presents in the “Flora 2014” edition, and in this ways points out on rare species of plants and their protection.
Cattani Lily or „vrtoglav“ (Lilium cattaniae) is an endemic plant of the Dinarids that settles on warm and dry areas of karstic territory, and its name came from the biologist Marija Cattani. It grows in lightened bushes and groves, in karsts sinkholes and karrens of the mountain Čvrsnica. Its height reaches up to 60 to 70 cm. It blossoms a dark crimson flower in the period in between June and July. It is not known whether the Cattani Lily has been used in traditional medical therapies, but taking into consideration experiences in medical treatments of other types of lilies, it could be a significant source for pharmaceutical researches in the future. Herzegovinian hellebore (Helleborus hercegovinus) is an endemic plant of the southeastern Dinarids that grows in the Mediterranean-Montana and sub Mediterranean region of the karsts territories on carbonates. It grows up to 30 cm in height, and blossoms from March to April. A cluster-like flower consists of a few flowers that can be white, green and even purple in color. Hellebore likes a damp ground rich with humus, and the Herzegovinian hellebore most successfully grows on neutral or alkali grounds in the shade.
(source...HP Mostar)

Konj, magarac, mazga i mula - Fauna 2014 HP Mostar - Horse, donkey, mule and mullah

Konj (Equus caballus) je jedna od najvažnijih domaćih životinja, uzgaja se u velikom broju različitih pasmina i ima važnu ulogu kao tegleća ili jahaća životinja u cijelom svijetu. Domaći konji su domesticirani oblik divljih konja, tijekom dužeg vremenskog razdoblja došlo je do prelaska od divlje životinje u pripitomljen i udomaćeni oblik. Dijele se na tri osnovna tipa: pitome i snažne hladnokrvne konje koji se koriste za rad, toplokrvne konje koji se koriste za jahanje i punokrvne sportske konje. Magarac (Equus asinus) je također rasprostranjen u cijelome svijetu, koristi se kao jahaća i teretna životinju. U odnosu na konja koji je brži i snažniji, magarac je izdržljivija životinja koja može duže izdržati bez vode i hrane te se najčešće koristi za prijenos tereta. Različite vrste unutar porodice konja mogu se ukrštati. Potomak mužjaka magarca i ženke konja je mula (Equus mulus), dok je mazga (Eguus hinnus) potomak mužjaka konja i ženke magarca. Obje ove vrste su sterilne i ne mogu se razmnožavati. Nastale su željom čovjeka da uzgoji korisniju životinju za svoje potrebe koja će preživjeti u teškim radnim uvjetima.
Dr. Ivica Ravić utemeljitelj je prvoga Centra za očuvanje genoma izvornih pasmina domaćih životinja u BiH u Buhovu (Široki Brijeg) i Udruge za zaštitu i očuvanje izvornih pasmina domaćih životinja. To je prvi takav projekt u Bosni i Hercegovini gdje se može vidjeti nucleus stada ugroženih, odnosno izvornih pasmina domaćih životinja koje su se našle pred izumiranjem, s ciljem njihovog očuvanja i očuvanja biološke raznolikosti. (izvor...HP Mostar)

The horse (Equus caballus) is one of the most important domestic animals, and is bread in a large number of various breeds and has a significant role as a draught animal or hackney in the whole world. Domestic horses are a domesticated form of wild horses, and through a long period of time it had come to a transition from a wild animal into a domesticated and tamed form. There are three basic types: tamed and strong, cold-blooded horses that are used for work, and warm-blooded horses that are used for horseback riding and full blooded sports horses. The donkey (Equus asinus) has also prevailed all over the world, and is used as a hackney or draught animal. In comparison to the horse, which is faster and stronger, the donkey is a more enduring animal that could last longer without water and food and is most often used for transfer of goods. Various species inner the horse family may interbreed. The offspring of the male donkey and female horse is a mullah (Equus mulus), whereas the mule (Equus hinnus) is an offspring of the male horse and female donkey. Both of these species are sterile and cannot breed. They resulted as a desire of mankind to breed a more useful animal for their own needs that will survive in difficult work conditions.
The founder of the first Centre for genome preservation of authentic breeds of domestic animals in B&H in Buhovo (Široki Brijeg) and the Association for protection and preservation of authentic breeds of domestic animals is Dr. Ivica Ravić. This is the first project of this kind in Bosnia and Herzegovina where you can see nucleus of endangered livestock, and authentic breeds of domestic animals that have found themselves on the verge of extinction, with the goal of their preservation and the conservation of biodiversity.
(source...HP Mostar)

Zlatnik cara Nerona - HP Mostar Numismatic 2014 - Golden coin of Emperor Nero

Rimljani su poticaj za kovanje zlatnika dobili od grčkih kolonija u Italiji. Od vremena cara Augusta kovanje zlatnoga novca (aureus, zlatnik) u potpunosti je bilo u carevoj ovlasti tako da nema rimskoga imperatora koji nije sebe predstavio na zlatniku. Rimski car Neron, punim imenom NERO CLAUDIUS CAESAR DRUSUS GERMANICUS, rodio se 37. godine u Anciju. Njegova majka Agripina mlađa je praunuka cara Augusta i nećakinja cara Klaudija za kojega se i udala. Neron je postao carem 54. godine nakon smrti poočima Klaudija. Ratovao je u Armeniji i Partiji, ali je poznat po legendi da je zapalio Rim, ne bi li dobio inspiraciju za svoje pjesme. Nakon pobune vojske u zapadnim provincijama 68. godine, kada je vidio da ga je ostavila tjelesna straža ubio se.
 Poznato je više tipova Neronovih zlatnika, kovanih uglavnom u kovnicama u Rimu i Lionu (Roma et Lugdunum). U početku su na aversu portreti Nerona i Agripine Mlađe, a na reversu vijenac od hrastova lišća s natpisom. Kasnije se na aversu nalazi carev portret, najčešće s natpisom NERO CAESAR AUGUSTUS IMPERATOR, a na reversu su božica Cerera, Jupiter na prijestolu ili zatvorena vrata Janova hrama u Rimu. Natpis na reversu sadržava careve funkcije i počasti. U Mostarskim Vratima kod Ljubuškoga nađen je 2007. zlatnik cara Nerona (koji je danas u privatnom posjedu), kovan 60. - 61. godine u Lionu i Rimu. Na aversu nalazi se portret cara Nerona, s natpisom NERO CAESAR AVG IMP, a na reversu lik božice Cerere, s bakljom i žitnim klasom i natpis PONTIF MAX TR P VII COS IIII PP EX SC. (izvor...Radoslav Dodig)

The Romans were inspired in coining golden coins from the Greek colonies in Italy. From the times of Emperor Augustus coining gold coins (aures, florin) was absolutely in the jurisdiction of the Emperor and therefore there is not one Roman ruler that had not represented himself on the coins. The Roman Emperor Nero, in full name NERO CLAUDIUS CAESAR DRUSUS GERMANICUS, was born in year 37 at Antium. His mother Agrippina the younger was the great grand-daughter of Emperor Augustus and the niece of Emperor Claudius for whom she was wed. Nero became an Emperor in year 54 after the death of his step father Claudius. He was at war in Armenia and Parthia, but he is also known for burning down Rome, in desire to achieve inspiration for his songs. After the rebellion of the army in western provinces in the year 68, when he saw that he was left by his guards, he killed himself.
There are several types of Nero's golden coins, coined mainly in mints in Rome and Lyon (Roma et Lugdunum). In the beginning on the obverse side are portraits of Nero and Agrippina the younger, and on the reverse a wreath of oak-tree leaves with an inscription. Later on, on the obverse was the Emperor’s portrait, most commonly with the inscription NERO CAESAR AUGUSTUS IMPERATOR, and on the reversed side are the goddess Ceres, Jupiter on his throne or the closed doors of Jan's temple in Rome. The inscription on the reverse states the Emperor's functions and tributes. At the Mostar gates near Ljubuški was found a golden coin of Nero in 2007 (which today is in private property), wrought in the years 60 - 61 in Lyon and Rome. On the observe side there is a portrait of Nero, with the inscription NERO CAESAR AVG IMP, and on the reverse side the figure of goddess Ceres, with a torch and grain symbol and inscription of PONTIF MAX TR P VII COS IIII PP EX SC. (source...Radoslav Dodig)