21 svibnja, 2023

Myths and Flora 2023 - Goddess Athena and Olive

Despite having a beautiful court on the island of Euboea, decorated with various marine treasures, the sea god Poseidon was displeased. He wanted to rule the city whose protector was Athena, the wisest daughter of Zeus. He suggested that they face each other in a duel, but she suggested a peaceful competition. The winner will be the one who gives the most useful gift to the citizens of Athens. Poseidon struck the ground with his trident and a spring formed in that spot. But the water was salty and undrinkable. Athena stuck her spear into the bare gorge and out of the spot a plant sprouted, which immediately turned green - an olive tree. The winner was decided by a divine council that gave priority to Athena, and since then the olive has become a symbol of peace. 

The olive tree (Olea europaea) is an evergreen tree of Mediterranean origin, but it is also grown in other parts of the world with a similar climate. Wild olive trees with thorny branches and small fruits grow in the Mediterranean area. Olive leaves are silvery, the flower is yellowish-white in color and has a pleasant smell, and the fruit is an oblong or round bean. An olive tree can live up to 2000 years. Precious olive oil is obtained from the fruits of the tame olive tree. 

Croatian post Mostar issued 1 commemorative postage stamp in a block, postmark and First Day Cover (FDC).  (source HP Mostar)

13 svibnja, 2023

Novac Stjepana II. Kotromanića na markama HP Mostar

 Hrvatska pošta (HP) Mostar tiskala je prigodnu poštansku marku "Arheološko blago 2023." s motivom novca Stjepana II. Kotromanića (Srebrenik, 1292. - Bobovac, 28. rujna 1353.), bosanskog bana koji je vladao od 1314. do 1353. godine. Stjepan II. sagradio je Bobovac, najznačajniji i najbolje utvrđeni grad u srednjovjekovnoj Bosni, nešto prije prve polovine XIV. st. Poticao je iskorištavanje bosanskih rudnika željeza, srebra i bakra te trgovinu, osobito s Dubrovnikom. Bio je prvi bosanski vladar koji je kovao svoj novac.

Najprije je bio u službi bosanskoga bana Mladina II. Bribirskoga. Potom pristupa savezu protiv Mladina II., koji je 1322. bio poražen uz pomoć Mlečana i hrvatsko-ugarskog kralja Karla I. Roberta. Nakon toga Stjepan preuzima vlast u Bosni zajedno s bratom Vladislavom. Oslanjajući se na Anžuvince iskoristio je razdor u Srbiji nakon smrti kralja Milutina te je zaposjeo Soli, Usoru, Završje, primorje između Neretve i Cetine te Hum, otvorivši Bosni izlaz na more. Godine 1333. potvrdio je posjed Stona i Pelješca Dubrovčanima koji su, za uzvrat, pristali na plaćanje godišnjega danka. Samostalno je vladao u Bosni, o čemu svjedoči i to što ga papa Ivan XXII. u jednom pismu naziva "vladarom Bosne". Za njegove vladavine ojačao je u Bosni katolicizam, a franjevci su proširili svoje djelovanje osnovavši 1339. posebnu vikariju. Naslijedio ga je nećak Tvrtko I. koji je postao prvi bosanski kralj. Autor likovnog rješenja je Manlio Napoli. (izvor HP Mostar)